TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page........................................................................................... i
Certification..................................................................................... iii
Acknowledgements.......................................................................... iv
Dedication....................................................................................... vii
Table of Contents.......................................................................... viii
List of Tables................................................................................. xiv
List of Figures............................................................................... xvii
CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY....................................... 1
1.1.1 Financial Control.................................................................... 3
1.1.2 Institutions of Financial Control in Public Sector................... 5
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM....................................... 8
1.2.1 Research Questions.............................................................. 10
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.......................................... 11
1.4 HYPOTHESES OF STUDY................................................. 11
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH............................... 14
1.6 RESEARCH SCOPE............................................................ 14
1.7 RESEARCH LIMITATION.................................................. 15
CHAPTER TWO - LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................ 17
2.2 GOVERNANCE AND FISCAL TRANSPARENCY AND
ACCOUNTABILITY............................................................ 18
2.3 FINANCIAL CONTROL FRAMEWORK IN THE EXECUTIVE
ARM OF GOVERNMENT OVER PUBLIC FUNDS........... 24
2.3.1 Powers and Responsibilities of Government Financial and
Accounting Officers............................................................... 31
2.3.2 Duties and Powers of Permanent Secretaries as Accounting
Officers.................................................................................. 33
2.3.3 Governmental Budgeting...................................................... 35
2.3.4 Purposes of Budget.............................................................. 37
2.4 GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING AS A BASIS FOR
FINANCIAL CONTROL......................................................... 56
2.4.1 The Basis of Government Accounts..................................... 58
2.4.2 Treasury Control of Public Funds........................................ 63
2.4.3 Financial Reporting in Government...................................... 69
2.4.4 Objectives of Financial Reporting in Government................ 70
2.4.5 Users and Uses of Governmental Financial Reports............ 71
2.5 AUDIT OF GOVERNMENT FUNDS................................. 73
2.5.1 Definitions and Evolution of Audit...................................... 73
2.5.2 Types of Audit..................................................................... 74
2.5.3 Types of Auditors................................................................ 75
2.5.4 The Need for an Audit............................................................ 75
2.5.5 Qualities Generally Required of Auditors.............................. 76
2.5.6 Threats to Objectivity of Independence of Auditors............... 80
2.5.7 Appointment and Removal of Government Auditors
(Auditors-General) in Nigeria................................................ 83
2.5.8 Duties and Rights of Auditor-General.................................... 85
2.5.9 Value for Money Audit.......................................................... 87
2.5.10 Audit Organisation in the Public Sector............................... 88
2.5.11 The Provision of the Civil Service (Reorganisation) Decree
1988 as they affect Government Auditors............................. 89
2.5.12 Hindrances to Performance of Government Auditors in Nigeria 90
2.6 PARLIAMENTARY CONTROL OF PUBLIC FUNDS ....... 94
2.6.1 Origins of Parliament............................................................. 94
2.6.2 Functions of Parliament......................................................... 96
2.6.3 Functions of the Parliament under the Nigeria Constitution.. 97
2.6.4 Governance and Legislative Performance: A Critical Analysis 99
2.6.5 Hindrances to Legislative Performance................................ 107
2.6.6 Strengthening Legislative Instrument of Control over
Public Funds........................................................................ 109
2.6.7 Other Legislations aimed at Promoting Financial
Accountability in Nigeria..................................................... 113
2.7 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER........................................ 114
CHAPTER THREE - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................... 115
3.2 SOURCES OF DATA........................................................ 115
3.2.1 The Primary Data Source.................................................... 116
3.2.2 The Secondary Data Source................................................ 116
3.3 POPULATION OF STUDY................................................ 117
3.3.1 Sampling Procedure............................................................ 117
3.3.2 Sample Size Determination................................................. 118
3.4 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS..................................... 125
3.4.1 Test of Validity................................................................... 125
3.4.2 Test of Reliability................................................................ 129
CHAPTER FOUR - DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................... 131
4.2 DATA PRESENTATION................................................... 131
4.2.1 The Chi-Square Test........................................................... 131
4.2.2 Test of Hypothesis One...................................................... 132
4.2.3  
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